Alpha-Lipoic Acid 101: Testing, Foods, and Supplements

Correcting underlying disturbances to health is often rooted in dietary imbalances. One crucial area to consider is your fatty acid consumption. Alpha-lipoic acid is one type of fatty acid that is a potent antioxidant for the body. It was discovered in 1959 for its unexpected therapeutic use in a case of acute poisoning from a death cap mushroom. 

Alpha-lipoic acid has since then been used to reduce reactive oxygen species and ultimately decrease inflammation in the body. This article will take a closer look at the benefits and usage of ALA, which will give a better understanding of how to support your health in the area. 

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What is Alpha-Lipoic Acid?

Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is an acquired antioxidant that the human body can also synthesize. It’s synthesized in the mitochondria, which is then utilized in our cells as a cofactor to break down nutrients enzymatically. This nutrient is an organosulfur compound assimilated mainly from plant sources. ALA helps in treating conditions related to oxidative stress, like diabetic nerve pain. It works by helping break down nutrients in our cells and fighting off harmful substances known as reactive oxygen species. This makes it particularly useful in protecting the body from certain types of cell damage.

ALA is also known for its ability to improve blood flow and nerve health in people with diabetes. Beyond this, it has the unique ability to bind and remove certain toxic metals from the body. While its most recognized benefits are in managing diabetic nerve pain and reducing oxidative stress, research is ongoing to uncover more of its potential health benefits. Acquiring this compound through food sources or supplementation is beneficial for cellular functions and can be supportive in specific health conditions.  

What is Alpha-Lipoic Acid’s Role in the Body?

ALA plays a significant role in energy production and cellular protection. In the Krebs cycle, one pathway where our body makes ATP (energy), ALA has a cofactor role in enzymatic processes. A primary function is that this nutrient eliminates the body of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which causes cellular damage. This fatty acid has two ROS forms, one being the potent reduced dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA). 

Along with its antioxidant capabilities, ALA regenerates other antioxidants like vitamin C, vitamin E, and glutathione. With its ability to reduce ROS, alpha-lipoic acid has remarkable benefits for conditions like diabetes-specifically diabetic neuropathy, metabolic syndrome, central nervous system conditions, and supporting a healthy pregnancy. One aspect of ALA is that it can cross the blood-brain barrier, which makes it a suitable nutrient to support central nervous system conditions like multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease. 

Is Alpha-Lipoic Acid the Same as Alpha-Linolenic Acid?

Alpha-lipoic acid, often referred to as lipoic acid, should not be confused with alpha-linolenic acid, an omega-3 fatty acid beneficial for heart health. The confusion arises because both are sometimes abbreviated as ALA. However, they are distinct substances with different health benefits.

How to Make Sure You Are Getting Enough Alpha-Lipoic Acid in Your Diet 

In healthy individuals, the body is likely to produce adequate levels of ALA. However, there are two ways to increase your alpha-lipoic acid. Eating food sources abundant in ALA or supplementing with ALA are the primary ways of acquiring this essential fatty acid. 

High Food Sources of Alpha-Lipoic Acid

Common food sources of lipoic acid include organ meats such as heart, liver, and kidney, as well as muscle meats, with fruits and vegetables containing it in smaller amounts.

Alpha-Lipoic Acid Supplements

There are many supplement options on the market today that contain ALA. This compound can be given both orally and intravenously. For oral intake, dosing ranges from 200 to 2400 mg per day. For intravenous use, 600 mg of daily IV treatments for three weeks showed beneficial results in diabetic neuropathy symptoms. 

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Key Points About Alpha-Lipoic Acid

Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), a key antioxidant fatty acid, was first noted for its therapeutic role in a 1959 mushroom poisoning case. Essential in combating oxidative stress and inflammation, ALA is synthesized in the mitochondria, helping break down nutrients and neutralize harmful reactive oxygen species. This makes it particularly beneficial for cell protection and improving nerve health, especially in diabetes. ALA also aids in detoxifying the body of certain metals. While the body naturally produces ALA, it can also be sourced from diet or supplements, with organ meats and muscle meats being primary sources, and fruits and vegetables providing smaller amounts. It's crucial to differentiate ALA from alpha-linolenic acid, an unrelated omega-3 fatty acid. Available in oral and intravenous forms, ALA supplements are used in varying doses, showing effectiveness in conditions like diabetic neuropathy and potentially aiding central nervous system disorders due to its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier.